Geological survey national coal assessment by laura n. Paper open access ore reserve estimation of saprolite nickel. Interpolating methods based on other criteria such as. The possible reserve have the following characteristics. The volumetric is often the first available to us and can thus help know what to expect. Iron ore reserve estimation of dallirajahara iron ore complex using level plan method and cross section method 3d ore body modelling using datamine studio 3 software. The shape of blocks and the estimation method vary with the type of deposit being modeled. A method of estimating ore reserves in which it is assumed that each drill hole has an area of influence extending halfway to the neighboring drill holes explanation of polygonal method. The research method is to collect accurate data at field is associated with reserve estimation. A simple and accurate method for ore reserve estimation in slc mines. Geological survey national coal assessment c3 computer technology has it bene. The volume of large basinshaped deposits may also be estimated from parallel cross sections on which are plotted intersections or projections of mine workings, drill. This method utilizes a distribution curve for each parameter and, through the.
Cross section of an ore body plunging obliquely with unrotated blocks but if the block model is rotated, a much better representation of the ore body is possible with ore blocks looking like those shown in figure 9. Successful geostatistical approach for a nickel ore deposit. The purpose was to compare the new approach with the old system where the calculations had been done according to some assumptions and to optimize mineral reserve estimation process. Since the method of constructing these figures also affects the calculations of ore grade, this subject will be discussed further under the caption, estimation of grade of ore. Cross validation diagram for real and estimated values of cu inchelkureh copper ore deposit ok estimator is a proper method in ore control and reserve resource estimation. Ore body modelling and comparison of different reserve estimation techniques a thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of bachelor of technology in mining engineering by manasa chandra moharaj 110mn0435 yeshi wangmo 110mn0440 under the guidance of prof. Paper open access ore reserve estimation of saprolite. A planimeter, also known as a platometer, is a measuring device used to determine the area of an irregular 2d shape. Since a picture is worth words and this table summarizes resources and reserves. Cross section of an ore body plunging obliquely with. A mathematical model of a real reservoir is a set of partial differential.
The standard method is correct when the drill holes are so laid out that the triangular prisms are equilateral in cross section. Sinclair and m vall6e the canadian institute of mining and metallurgy. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. A method of ore reserve estimation based on the assumption that a linear relationship exists between the grade difference and the distance between all drill holes. Topography of the hills with a slope of 300500 and 50230 meters above sea level mdpl. Use of discounted cash flow analysisas a first tool in the economics of the mining industry in the last 30 years, it has become common to define an ore reserve as that part of a mineral resource whose exploitation can generate maximum net present.
Kriging starts with a prior distribution over functions. This method has gradually replaced the conventional method such as polygon and cross section for grade estimation by more mathematical techniques such as kriging. Exploration activity that has been done is taking samples with a regular distance of 25 m by using a rotary drilling tool. Subarna baidya senior research fellow indian institute of. Kriging is commonly described as a minimum variance estimator. There are different estimation methods see below used for different scenarios dependent upon the ore boundaries, geological deposit geometry, grade variability and the amount of time and money available. Fractal models for ore reserve estimation request pdf. Kriging can also be understood as a form of bayesian inference. Ore reserve estimation techniques by cross section method. In this study, a reserve estimation attempt in a silver ore deposit was carried out by the help of geographic information systems gis. Apr 29, 2017 basics introduction of all parameters for reserve estimation by volumetric method and production forecasting. Subarna baidya senior research fellow indian institute.
This method has gradually replaced the conventional method such as polygon and crosssection for grade estimation by more mathematical techniques such as kriging. Optimization of material flow in engineering company 9140 proved that an sqsq regular triangular method m m. Polygons may be constructed on plans, cross sections, or longitudinal sections by drawing perpendicular bisectors of lines connecting sample points. Heres a music video for you to get you into the swing of rapid geological modelling. Polygonal method article about polygonal method by the free dictionary. Triangular method article about triangular method by the. Reserve estimation tonnage density free 30day trial. Chapter c methodology for calculating coal resources for the colorado plateau, u. However, one should understand that all methods of reserves estimation are justified in a sense. The model may be physical, such as a scaled laboratory model, or mathematical.
In the third method, where possible, vertical sections are spaced at intervals, up to 50 ft. Using gis, 3d model of the studied region, most suitable section planes and grade distributions were obtained and reserve estimation by cross section method was approached. The possible reserve contains only very general information on the mode of occurrence of geological structure and ore behavior. Ore is defined as a mineral or mineral aggregate more or less mixed with a gangue, from which a metal or metals can be won at a profit or in the hopes of a profit. Mining science and technology, 7 1988 161165 elsevier science publishers b. The contribution of mine design software minesight and the recent survey technique called cavity monitoring system cms were presented in this study.
Pitting, trenching and bed rock sampling on all out crop sections. Resource estimation is used to determine and define the ore tonnage and grade of a geological deposit, from the developed block model. The procedure is to select a single value for each parameter to input into an appropriate equation, to obtain a single answer. Polygonal method article about polygonal method by the. The process of simulating petroleum reservoirs has been thoroughly described by peaceman 24 as the. Areas of ore are not connected between levels unless raises have gone through practically on the section. Methodology for calculating coal resources for the colorado plateau, u. The polygons are then planimetered to define the area of mineral body. As the importance of planning and scheduling of an operations mineral endowment became apparent, the use of all types of sample data to define ore reserves increased.
N \displaystyle n samples from a function will be normally distributed, where the covariance between any two samples is the covariance function or kernel of the gaussian. Another method which also described here is inverse distance weighting idw technique. Successful geostatistical approach for a nickel ore. But as ore deposits cannot always be drilled into at regular intervals and because of the human factor, if many holes are drilled, triangular prisms of all degrees of angularity are produced. In veintype deposits recognized by drill holes on crosssections at regular. Some practical aspects of ore reserve estimation at chuquicamata copper mine, chile prof.
Chapter c national coal methodology for calculating coal. In statistics, originally in geostatistics, kriging or gaussian process regression is a method of interpolation for which the interpolated values are modeled by a gaussian process governed by prior covariances. Using gis, 3d model of the studied region, most suitable section planes and grade distributions were obtained and reserve estimation by crosssection method was approached. A simple and accurate method for ore reserve estimation in.
Box mp 167, mount pleasant, harare zimbabwe received february 18, 1988. The process from importing drillholes, validating the data and modeling the ore to reserve calculations is seamless. Reserve estimation methods mb1 a general material balance equation that can be applied to all reservoir types was first developed by schilthuis in 1936. Ajabanoko iron ore resource model was developed and the ore reserve estimate carried out using inverse distance method as contained in surpac 6. Geostatistical ore reserve estimation tutorial geology. The basic method of which authors based is the triangular method, which is very complex and using a computer it is accurate. Carlson geology the complete geologic modeling package for both stratigraphic and block modeling use carlson geology to manage drillhole data, plus calculate strata models, block models, quantities and qualities. Indian institute of technology indian school of mines, dhanbad. The next step is to divide those geological zones into blocks and have estimates of tonnage and grades in each block.
Ore reserve estimation methods, models and reality proceedings of the symposium sponsored by the geology division of clm, and held in montreal, quebec, may 1o11, 1986 edited by m. The choice of which kriging method to be used depends on the. All done without a single polyline digitised in section. Crosssection of an ore body plunging obliquely with unrotated blocks but if the block model is rotated, a much better representation of the ore body is possible with ore blocks looking like those shown in figure 9. The results of both methods of reserve estimation obtained estimated values for cross section method larger than the contour method, the estimated difference in the amount of 88007. The video was constructed from 6 leapfrog mining tutorial videos prepared by jun cowan to introduce novices the basic operation of the software. Alaphia wright department of mining engineering, university of zimbabwe, p. A proven mineral reserve is economically mineable part of the measured resource. Blalst synopsis matheron, geoslalislical method or the estimation of ore reserves has been developed to the point al which reallife problcllll may be handled effectively.
In veintype deposits recognized by drill holes on cross sections at regular. Projects rise up the y axis as work improves geological knowledge and confidence and they move across the x axis with the addition of mining, metallurgical, economic, marketing. Characteristics of nickel ore reserve estimation carried out simulations on the x nickel deposits. Dunn abstract the copper ore reserves at the chuquicamata mine were reestimated during march to june 1994, as part of a comprehensive audit of the mines overall short and longterm planning. Ore reserve estimation using localized trend analysis. Krige functioning the optimal assigning of weights to the neighbouring sample values used in estimating the grade of blocks in south african gold mines. Jul 15, 2017 the development of geostatistics as an ore reserve estimation methodology emerged in france in early 1960 from the work of matheron 1962 and was based on original studies by d. The process from importing drillholes, validating the. The grade estimate of a possible reserve is a broad indication of the likely quality.
Resourcereserve estimation using micromine software gold and base metal practice author. Blalst synopsis matheron, geoslalislical method or the estimation of ore reserves has been developed to the point al which. Crosssection of an ore body plunging obliquely with. Under suitable assumptions on the priors, kriging gives the best linear unbiased prediction of the intermediate values. Basics introduction of all parameters for reserve estimation by volumetric method and production forecasting. The advances in geostatistical understanding and the availability of appropriate software packages have given much more contribution in speed and high accuracy during production. Cross validation diagram for real and estimated values of cu inchelkureh copper ore deposit ok estimator is a proper method in ore control and reserveresource estimation.
To obtain the reserve, the tonnage mined is deducted from the total volume of the orebody. Drilling on systematic pattern upto 60 to 120m depth and at 100m strike interval for gold, 200m for basemetals and 400m 500m for limestone. Although it is a tank model equation, it can provide great insight for the practicing reservoir engineer. Polygonal method article about polygonal method by the free. Use carlson geology to manage drillhole data, plus calculate strata models, block models, quantities and qualities. Ore reserve estimation method by using geographic information. Reserve estimation free download as powerpoint presentation.
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